In this article you will learn about the symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities, the causes of pathology, home treatment and prevention.
WHAT IS VARICOSE?
Varicose veins are vascular pathology based on venous insufficiency, lumen enlargement, obstruction of the vascular valve apparatus with obstruction, accompanied by permanent tissue adhesions.
Pathological causes
Varicose veins in the legs have different causes and symptoms with different sexual characteristics.The main common trigger of pathology is called congenital connective tissue weakness.Women are more likely to be diagnosed with varicose veins because of hormonal changes in the second place. Sitting or standing plays a long role, the longer the legs, the more serious the situation. Excess weight also leads to an increase in pressure in the arteries of the lower extremities and lack of physical activity. Smoking, pregnancy, diseases, tight underwear, shoes, heels, everything that causes stagnation of blood circulation in the arteries of the feet are risk factors for varicose veins.
SYMPTOMS AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION
The symptoms of varicose veins in women and men do not differ radically. It is a gradual disease, the symptoms of which are associated with the developmental stage of the pathological process.
The first stage is characterized by small clinical manifestations: the veins almost protrude from the surface of the skin, the dermis is slightly hyperemic, the weight on the legs begins to be uncomfortable, the evening softening of the legs, ankles, convulsions are possible. Such symptoms of varicose veins of the legs are especially painful for women from an aesthetic point of view. There are often visual symptoms before the pain.
In the second stage, the clinical picture takes on a typical appearance: the veins in the legs protrude above the skin surface, are well palpated, and resemble nodules. As the pathological process progresses, the vessels of the lower extremities become sinusoidal, blue-purple in color, sometimes darkening.
Symptoms of third-degree varicose veins of the legs are characterized by the development of complications: trophic disorders, parchment-like skin, edema and cramps, covered feet with rash, itching, secondary flora, pyoderma, dermatitis, eczema. The fourth stage of varicose veins of the lower extremities is the most severe in terms of symptoms: inflammation of the skin over the bulging veins, mixing of nearby tissues, opening of trophic ulcers, persistent pain in the legs with varicose veins, addition of secondary infection to thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, thrombophlebitis.WHAT WILL YOU ADVISE A DOCTOR?
A phlebologist is involved in leg pain with varicose veins, but a vascular surgeon can also make an initial appointment. Everything depends on the severity of the pathology. The phlebologist prescribes conservative therapy or consults a vascular surgeon for advice on resolving the surgical issue.
It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis without a complete clinical and laboratory examination. Instrumental diagnostic methods help to clarify the stage of the pathology, the duration of the tests is 10 minutes, maximum - half an hour. The results of the examination are announced immediately by the doctor at the first meeting. The choice of adequate therapy depends on the pathological stage.
TREATMENT FEATURES
Treatment of varicose veins lies in "three pillars": drug treatment, minimally invasive techniques, surgical classics.
CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT
In addition to the mandatory general recommendations for varicose veins: dosing, regular physical activity, minimizing static load on the legs, sports therapy, use of compression stockings, use of elastic bandages - conservative therapy includes the appointment of phlebotonics based on flavonoids, horse chestnut extract. These are tablet systemic drugs: based on synthetic and natural ingredients.
Often oral administration is combined with external therapy of the same name for varicose veins. According to doctors and patients, the combination of capsule and gel is the most effective.
Of course, it is not necessary to expect a complete cure from conservative methods, drugs can not restore varicose veins, but as a preventive measure, the impossibility of surgical treatment of varicose veins in preparation for an operation - these drugs guarantee the cessation of disease and relief of symptoms. .
COMPRESSION CLIPERATER
The essence of minimally invasive therapy for varicose veins is to inject a special sclerosant drug into the enlarged vein. Through a syringe, the doctor injects a foamy solution into the vein, which fills the deformed vein and causes spasm.
The patient is placed in a compression stocking designed to keep the vessel in this position. Within three days, the walls of the arteries stick together, the artery is switched off from normal blood flow and remains indifferent. You should wear compression stockings for at least a month, sometimes twice. Criteria for the effectiveness of treatment are adhesions.
Compression sclerotherapy is performed if the varicose veins are not complicated by reverse blood flow through the arteries connecting the deep veins to the superficial veins.If there is such a reverse flow, the effectiveness of the procedure tends to zero.
Operational Intervention
Surgery has been and remains the most reliable and effective way to treat varicose veins, regardless of the presence of reverse blood flow in the veins. But here, too, it is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner, because relapses often occur in later stages. Varicose veins are treated in different ways: microsurgery, radiofrequency and laser coagulation of deformed vessels.
In the early stages, photocoagulation or laser removal of spider veins is effective. In the next stages, phlebectomy is performed - complete removal of the affected vessels. The operation is traumatic, there is a risk of complications, and today doctors are trying to use less invasive miniflebectomy techniques. If the varicose veins are complicated by venous thrombosis, if there is a secondary infection,crossectomyis performed.
What can you do with varicose veins at home?
The essence of using folk remedies for the prevention and treatment of varicose veins is to remove toxins and toxins from the body by restoring normal blood flow. To do this, balance the diet in your daily diet, including cabbage, tomatoes, bell peppers, greens, citrus fruits, apples, peaches, cherries, cherries, strawberries, gooseberries, currants. Make sure you calculate the correct drinking rate: 40 ml per kilogram of body weight.
In addition, they use the properties of green tomatoes, which are attached to the area of varicose veins in the form of compresses on the slices. The effect is guaranteed by lycopene - an antioxidant in fruit pulp, improves the structure of the vascular wall, tones the arteries. You can try the juice treatment: all raw vegetables are suitable.
Garlic and lemon extract are effective: phytoncides dissolve cholesterol plaques, clean the lumen of blood vessels, garlic, a natural antibiotic, kills pathogenic flora and vitamin C strengthens the walls of blood vessels, prevents the accumulation of salt. Tincture is prepared simply: chop 4 lemons, 4 large cloves of garlic, put the mixture in a bowl, fill with hot boiled water, insist under the lid for three days, shake the bowl every day, strain, keep in the cold, for a third of a glass during the day / day. Course - 12 liters of the resulting solution is drunk.Apple cider vinegar is a popular source of minerals and vitamins; For varicose veins, two teaspoons of the product are taken orally by dissolving in a glass of water in the morning and evening. Externally: Rub the varicose veins with a tampon with vinegar to relieve itching and pain.
Compresses are made with honey, a sterile napkin with the product is applied to the varicose veins area for several hours under a film. Overnight, use crushed cabbage leaves with vegetable oil under the dressing. Course - ay.
WELCOME
Prevention of varicose veins has two purposes: to prevent the onset of the disease and to reduce the number of relapses. To do this: do not go to the sauna or take a very hot bath, do not lift weights. It is recommended to exercise a lot outside of strength sports, control weight and minimize the consumption of spicy and fatty foods.
No need to wear tight clothes, socks, knee pads, socks with a tight elastic band, cross your legs while sitting. Women are advised to avoid high heels.
At night - wash cool foot baths, in the morning you can wash your feet with cold water. It is necessary to give up bad habits, to master self-massage: to rub the skin of the lower extremities from bottom to top and in the opposite direction for 10 minutes, to minimize stress, to avoid overheating, colds, to undergo a medical examination.
In case of varicose veins, it is advisable to visit the pool, walk, take a contrast shower at home and always wear compression stockings.