Varicose veins of the small pelvis in women

In women, varicose veins of small pelvic vessels (ectasia, parametrium, dilatation or phlebostasis) cause this condition due to the reverse flow of blood from the ovarian artery, which is visible due to constriction of the vessels.

Intensification of the disease is pregnancy.

Internal varicose veins of the lower pelvis are characterized by intense and prolonged pain in the lower abdomen.

In the literature, varicose veins of the small pelvis are also defined by the terms "pelvic venous occlusion syndrome", "varicocele in women", "chronic pelvic pain syndrome".

In most cases (80%), varicose transformation affects the ovarian vessels and is very rare (1%) in the vessels of the large uterine ligament.

According to modern medical approaches, treatment of VVMT should be carried out not from the point of view of gynecology, but primarily from the point of view of phlebology.

Causes of the appearance of pathology

Pelvic vascular ectasia is often diagnosed in women. In addition, as a rule, in gynecology, the disease is diagnosed in patients aged 20-40 years.

Patients with varicose veins of the small pelvis often try to treat at home first. Folk remedies used without a doctor's advice and recommendations can cause the appearance of adverse side effects, so you should go to a phlebologist for a consultation after a while.

The main factors that cause the appearance of this pathology are:

1. Excessive physical activity.
2. Passive lifestyle.
3. Congenital diseases of the walls of blood vessels - weakening, plasticity, underdevelopment.
4. Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
5. Hormonal imbalance.

Pathology of the sexual plan - the appearance of anorgasmia, pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse, has a psychological etiology of appearance, although they often resort to interrupted sexual intercourse.

At the same time, varicose veins of the small pelvis, the treatment and symptoms of this disease are similar to varicose veins of the legs. In this case, the valves in the arteries begin to disrupt the function of the valves that help blood flow to the heart muscle.

Dysfunction of the valves, which play a protective role for reverse blood flow, is seen.

If their work is disrupted, blood stasis begins in the arteries. Blood vessels increase in volume, which exacerbates the phenomenon of stagnation.

Pelvic venous occlusion usually occurs near the vulva, fallopian tubes, uterine area, and can even dilate blood vessels in the vagina.

The first signs and symptoms

A number of major clinical symptoms indicate the development of varicose veins. The most important symptom of this disease is unexplained pain in the lower abdomen, pelvic region, often beginning to radiate to the perineum or lumbar region. The patient is also irritated, especially in the middle of the menstrual cycle, with excessive discharge of mucus from the vagina.

In addition to the main symptoms, there are other very important symptoms of varicose veins:

1. In some cases, infertility is noted in women.
2. Dysmenorrhea. Manifestation of pain during menstruation.
3. The perceptible transition of premenstrual symptoms.
4. Radiation of pain in the groin, lower back and sacrum.
5. Symptoms of dyspareunia (a feeling of discomfort in the vagina or vulva, both during and after sexual intercourse).
6. Manifestations of a painful crisis (severe hypothermia of the body, excessive physical fatigue, psycho-emotional stress).
7. Appearance of pain in the abdomen after prolonged overload (dynamic or static).

When faced with this clinical symptomatology, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible, because this pathology can lead to many unpleasant complications:

• varicose veins may be a contraindication to natural delivery;
• the function of the reproductive organs is impaired;
• there is a fear of sexual intercourse;
• irritability and anxiety appear.

It should also be noted that all of the above symptoms can be expressed in different ways, in some patients all the symptoms of the disease are noted, and in some only a few.

Methods of diagnosing the disease

To make a correct diagnosis, the patient must undergo a thorough examination. If a woman complains of visible pain for an unknown reason, then the specialist first identifies all the causes that are factors in the manifestation of pain symptoms. The patient's lower extremities are carefully examined. Thus, you can determine the manifestation of varicose veins. In some cases, it is diagnosed by a vascular doctor.

The main diagnostic methods are:

1. Ultrasound of the venous system. The examination allows you to examine the varicose veins.
2. Laparoscopy. Identify varicose veins in the ovarian region.
3. CT. This allows you to rule out the disease, identify varicose veins in the ovaries and uterus, and see on the monitor their dilation, as well as their curvature.
4. Selective ovarianography. The most accurate examination. It is performed by injecting a contrast agent into the subclavian and femoral arteries.
5. Doppler ultrasound. Determines a decrease in the systolic rate of the process in the vessels of the ovaries and uterus.

The use of these methods allows you to more accurately identify the symptoms of the disease.

Degrees and differential approach

To standardize the diagnosis and the possibility of differential treatment, A. E. Volkov distinguished varicose veins, taking into account the location of venous ectasia and the size of the dilated vessels.

There are three stages of this disease:

• first stage - "tirkap" movement of the vessel, the size of the vessel does not exceed 6 mm;
• second stage - during the general type of varicose veins, the size of the vein is not more than 7-11 mm, VR of the veins of the curved uterine plexus, VR of the parametric veins, empty ectasia of the ovarian plexus;
• third stage - during the main form of parametric formation or the general type of VR, the size of the vessel is more than 11 mm.

Depending on the severity of the pathological process, you can use medical methods of treatment or surgery.

Methods of treatment of varicose veins

The most common methods of conservative therapy are used in stages 1-2 of varicose veins (therapeutic gymnastics, NPS drugs, venotonics).

In venous occlusion syndrome, conservative therapy is symptomatic, which includes normalization of rest and physical activity, excluding excessive active loads and prolonged standing.

When a patient is diagnosed with varicose veins, treatment procedures are primarily aimed at performing the following tasks:

1. Bleeding, pain, etc. elimination of symptoms.
2. Restoration of vascular tone, increased blood circulation in the tissues.
3. Stopping reverse blood flow through the venous system of the ovaries.

It should be understood that even very high-quality therapy of this pathology will not completely cure varicose veins.

However, adequate treatment will prevent major clinical symptoms and significantly improve the patient's condition.

EMCT treatment consists of several main components:

1. Regular exercises in medical gymnastics to prevent the onset of the disease.
2. Use of a course of drugs during exacerbations.

Conservative treatment of affected vessels

Due to the internal location of pathologically infected vessels, the drugs are used orally, it is simply not possible to apply venous ointments and gels.

The following drugs are used in this disease:

1. Horse chestnut extract - to eliminate inflammation and swelling.
2. Based on diosmin - to get rid of high vascular elasticity, prevent damage, reduce permeability.
3. Vitamin C - strengthens blood vessel walls.

Doctors recommend combining conservative treatment with exercise therapy, as well as the use of compression underwear. Compression garments are especially required during pregnancy.

Surgical intervention

Surgery is an extreme method of treatment, it is used if the disease is at a very advanced stage and there is a possibility of vascular VR.

Surgery is selected taking into account the location of the main vascular lesion and includes the following interventions:

• surgical crossectomy - also used for diseases of the vessels of the legs;
• closure of a vein in the genitals (usually performed simultaneously with perineal miniflebectomy);
• closure of the ovarian artery.

If an operation is required, the choice of appropriate manipulations is quite individual, because everything will depend on the location of varicose veins.

Training and therapeutic gymnastics

Given the necessary physical exercises, women with this disease should exercise at least once a day - "maple", "bicycle", "scissors".

Contrasting showers and breathing exercises in the pelvic region are also very useful. At the same time, proper and effective gymnastics is the fastest way to restore a healthy and normal life.

The simplest but most effective exercises are:

1. While lying on your back, lift your legs, then bend and lift as high as possible. Training is done about 10 times.
2. Supine position, extend your legs, then bend, pull to the chest area. Avoid at least 10 times.
3. You will have to walk around the room for half an hour. First - on the toes, then - on the heels, then - raise the knees as high as possible.
4. Lying on your stomach, take turns raising your legs. In the maximum position, the foot should be fixed for a few seconds. At least 7 approaches for each foot.

Folk recipes and methods of treatment

Varicose veins can be treated at home.

The most popular and common folk remedies:

1. Horse chestnut infusion.
2. Kombucha tincture.
3. Dandelion root tincture.
4. Treatment of leprosy applied to the coccyx and sacral region.

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of varicose veins. The daily diet should be balanced and contain enough fiber and natural protein.

Preventive measures

Here are some simple tips to help prevent VVMT. In addition, if they are observed regularly, they can improve the general condition of the body:

1. Practice every day.
2. Use special tights for treatment.
3. Add more vegetables to your daily diet. Stay away from foods that cause constipation.
4. Take breaks during sedentary work, you should walk at least 10 minutes every two hours.
5. Do not abuse alcohol or smoking.
6. Do not take hormonal medications unsupervised.
7. After surgery for VVMT, you should take prophylactic doses of medications prescribed by your doctor.

Possible prognosis

If the varicose condition is not treated at all, after a while the blood vessels start to grow even more (90%), which threatens with serious side effects, including thrombosis. In the remaining 10% of patients with varicose veins that occur after pregnancy, the disease does not progress to a more severe stage, but never goes away on its own.

If you start treatment of the pathology, you can achieve a complete recovery (15-25%, depending on the severity) or a significant improvement (55-60%), especially if the combination of operative and conservative methods at the same time. . However, in one way or another, after complex therapy, lifelong prophylaxis should be carried out, consisting of adherence to a proper lifestyle, regular medication or support for vasoconstriction.