Varicose disease of the lower extremities occurs for several reasons, which can be attributed to 3 groups: impaired blood clotting, damage the vessel wall, stasis changes in the surrounding tissues. The etiological factors affect the treatment, but medication can not narrow the widened part of Vienna.
Remedies for the veins to support a tone of vessels, but can not restore a functional valve insufficiency, which leads to stagnation.
Varicose veins: causes
Increased blood clotting conditions are the formation of blood clots. Hormonal changes lead to abnormal heart rhythm, decreased tonus of the venous wall, long-term changes.
Damage to the venous wall may be traumatic, physical, chemical, bacterial. In autoimmune disease is a thinning of the venous wall because of the destruction of antibodies. A little exertion should be emphasised to prevent the collection of blood.
Increased pressure in the vessel may be due to the compressive pressure of the surrounding tissues. Varicose veins this combination is complex. Probably the formation of venous ulcers.
Predisposing factors of varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- Obesity – negative varices plan. Excess fat increases pressure in the veins, contribute to congestive changes;
- A poor diet, eat foods with fiber contributes to the violation of vascular permeability. Increase in the diet fiber can reduce the intake of toxins in the intestines. Lack of exercise is an important factor that leads to obesity, impaired venous blood flow;
- Most people are exposed to the risk of complications in a sitting or standing position. The negative impact is damage to the valves in the veins. Corset and tight underwear promote compression of the veins in the groin area. Increased intra-abdominal pressure when the external compression of the veins for a long time becomes stagnant cause changes in the lower extremities;
- Wearing shoes with high heel – not physiological. This process promotes the stretching of the muscles and ligaments of the device, which leads to congestive changes in the veins;
- The valve may completely block the vessel, leading to congestive changes in the lower extremities. The underlying pathology of the walls of the venous system of overtraining, the formation of venous nodes;
- Genetic predisposition is formed due to mutations in the equipment gene responsible for the construction of the walls of the veins. Defects in the protein, increases the permeability of blood vessels, in the form of a permanent inflammatory changes, swelling due to sweat fluid through the damaged membrane. Weakness of the vessels leading to increased venous pressure. Results – varicose veins;
- Hormonal disturbances during pregnancy increase the levels of estrogen and progesterone, influence the formation of vascular blood clotting factors. The reduction of the tonus of the venous wall in the background pathology leads to deformation and blockage of blood vessels;
- Diabetes mellitus, sugar disease, is a disease that leads to a small decrease in blood glucose levels, which creates a favorable environment for the development of blood clotting;
- Alcohol abuse also leads to thickening of the blood, increases the risk of blood clots in the vessels;
- Long walk, the forced sitting position – predisposing factors of varicose veins;
- Inadequate nutrition, heavy lifting, slow blood flow to the heart, the development of stagnation is predisposing factors, pathology;
- Chronic constipation is associated with increased intra-abdominal pressure, the difficulty of outflow of blood from the lower extremities;
- Dehydration under the influence of intensive sun rays leads to thickening of the blood, accelerates the formation of blood clotting;
- Venous insufficiency, congenital defects contribute to the pathology of the heart activity;
- An overdose of medication, increases blood clotting, leads to blockage of blood vessels by blood clots;
- Surgical intervention contributes to an increase in blood volume, increase the likelihood of thromboembolism.
Varicose veins on the legs is polietiologic disease. Patients, typically there are several causes that lead to the development of the disease.
Varicose veins of the lower limbs: symptoms and treatment
Signs of varicose veins is specific for the diagnosis. Distinguish 2 forms of the disease depending on the characteristics of etiological factors, primary secondary.
The primary form is associated with the weakness of the venous wall, due to the influence of congenital or acquired factors. The secondary form develops under the influence of other causes.
Causes of varicose veins in the legs:
- Swelling of the skin;
- Pigmentation (darkening);
- Pain syndrome in the evening and in the afternoon;
- Trophic skin lesions (eczema, dermatitis).
Primary varicose veins associated with weakness of the venous wall, the development of obesity, proliferation of connective tissue fibers. Secondary pathology has been formed, due to the violation of the venous outflow, trauma and tumors. The extent to which the increased stretching of the venous wall is unpredictable. Pathology, increased thromboembolic risk, which can end in death. Usually, blood clotting is localized in the legs, but there are cases of pulmonary embolism the venous system of the arm or abdomen.
Secondary complication of the disease — ulcers. Even a small scratch in violation of trophism can promote the formation of ulcers on the legs. With the pathology is difficult to deal with, when referring to the doctor. The treatment lasts for decades, so it is time to appeal to phlebologist.
Every day doctors have to deal with the bleeding. If the disease is started, the veins protruding above the surface of the skin. Pathology leading to thrombosis irreversible consequences. Continuously monitors the venous system. Prevent pathological changes should be connected thrombophlebitis with irreparable consequences.
The uniqueness of the extension of the vein wall pain syndrome occurs only in the early stages. Gradually, the receptors get used to the pain, so the wider Vienna, less intense pain.
Symptoms of varicose veins in the initial stage:
- Seal;
- Redness;
- Burning sensation;
- Pain.
Through the venous valves, the blood must move in the opposite direction. Their insufficiency develops a "reverse flow", so to develop the stagnation. Accumulation of blood in a particular place creates conditions for the formation of blood clots. A similar picture is observed in violation of the technology for the treatment of varicose veins. The site of injection is formed inflammation, which offers the possibility of blood clot formation, increasing the adhesive properties of the vascular wall.
The classification of thrombosis according to the current:
- Sharp;
- Chronic.
Acute thrombophlebitis is developing rapidly. Place of localization of the varicose veins pain, redness, dilation of the vein.
Chronic and is characterized by severe signs. Pain in the pathology of a temporary nature. The patient suffers from pain after exercise. Swelling to remove the elastic compression. Patients are advised to wear a special bandage.
Medical and surgical treatment
Drug treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs does not allow you to completely get rid of the disease. Violation of the permeability of the walls of blood vessels, congestive changes is a new blood clotting, which should be treated immediately to prevent pulmonary embolism and death. For these purposes, the use of special tools and anticoagulants in the form of oral tablets, local cream.
In addition, medicine is a popular treatment, physiotherapy (magnetic, the song "bicycle", physiotherapy). Getting rid of a rash you recommend a decoction of oak bark, chamomile, st. john's wort.
Surgery to remove varicose veins in the legs – types, principles of treatment
The above mentioned techniques are currently used less frequently, because there is more and more popular surgery.
Sclerotherapy intravenous injection of the adhesive, which is in the early stages of the disease several sessions to remove varicose veins. Method introduction a knot of varicose veins in particular substances that contribute to the overgrowth of the lumen of the vein.
Coagulation of the affected vein laser is a modern procedure, which allows to produce excision of the tissue with a knife.
The indications for surgical phlebectomy:
- A significant expansion of the saphenous veins;
- The risk of blood clots;
- Trophic disorders, of the skin;
- Acute thrombophlebitis;
- Swelling, severe fatigue of the patient.
It is impossible to perform the operation during pregnancy, serious infections, coronary disease, inflammation of the lower limbs, pyoderma, eczema. The only way to treat disease varicose veins deep vein thrombosis the repair operation of the valve device – a surgical procedure.
Laser therapy is indicated for patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, the urogenital system, increases blood pressure, when surgical intervention is contraindicated.
Get rid of the unpleasant blood vessels pattern, the certificate may be performed by radiofrequency coagulation. The advantages of the procedure is painless, no cosmetic defect of the skin, impairment of earnings capacity.
Demonstration of sclerotherapy disease pathology in duplex Doppler ultrasound, varicose veins in the early stages. Drawback of the procedure – to get a sclerosant into deep veins, which reduces the effectiveness of treatment in advanced cases.
Treatment of chronic varicose veins
Treatment of chronic varicose veins should use elastic compression. For these purposes, the developed programmes:
- Support stockings-class 1-2 0 degrees;
- Elastic support stockings-class 1-2 mono therapy, physical therapy, with a 1 degree;
- 3-4 degrees is recommended, that the elastic compression stockings for 2-3 class with continuous treatment, local treatment ointments, physical therapy.
Misuse of certain treatments to protect the standardized system, the treatment of varicose veins has been described drugs. To determine the multiplicity, the dose can only a doctor.
Even the magnetic varicose veins of the lower extremities is applied strictly according to indications. After the procedure you should assess the nature of local changes.